Chikubushima Island — Sacred Lake Island Temple

Chikubushima (竹生島) is a small sacred island in northern Lake Biwa, home to Hogonji Temple (宝厳寺) and Tsukubusuma Shrine (都久夫須麻神社). The island has been a pilgrimage destination since the 8th century, revered as dwelling place of Benzaiten (goddess of music, eloquence, and water). The approach requires climbing 165 stone steps from the boat pier through torii gates and under ancient trees to reach the temple complex.

The island's main treasure is the Kara-mon Gate (唐門), a National Treasure relocated from Toyotomi Hideyoshi's Fushimi Castle in 1602 — ornate Momoyama-period architecture with gold leaf and intricate carvings. The shrine's observation deck offers 360-degree Lake Biwa views. The island's sacred status means no overnight stays are permitted; the entire population is clergy maintaining the religious sites.